This paper aims to familiarize the students with the handling of bivariate data and numerical techniques
Class, class frequencies, order of class frequencies, Ultimate class frequency, Consistency of data (up to order 3). Independence of attributes, contingency table, Association of attributes, Measures of association.
Correlation, Scatter Diagram, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation and its properties. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient, partial and multiple correlation and their properties.
Concept of curve fitting and Principles of Least Squares. Fitting of straight line, Parabola, Power Curves and Exponential Curves.Regression-Fitting of Regression Lines, Regression Coefficients with properties.
Operators E,Δ, their relationship and properties, factorial notation, Difference table and nth order difference of polynomial, Fundamental Theorem of finite differences. Estimation of one and two missing terms.
Meaning, uses and assumptions of interpolation and extrapolation. Newton’s Forward and Backward formulae for equal intervals, Lagrange’s formula and numerical problems.
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2. Gupta, S.C. and Kapoor, V.K.: Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics, S Chand & Company, New Delhi
3. Bansal & Ojha: Numerical Analysis, Jaipur Publishing House, Jaipur.
1. Yule, G.Udny and Kendall, M.G. (1999): An Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, 14th Edition
2. Speigel M.R., (1967): Theory and Problem of Statistics, Schaum’s Series.